縫紉就是把(ba)衣(yi)片縫合(he)成服(fu)裝的工(gong)藝(yi)。可分為手(shou)縫工(gong)藝(yi)、機縫工(gong)藝(yi)、特殊工(gong)藝(yi)等。

　　手縫工藝

　　采用手針進行縫(feng)制的(de)工藝。是(shi)中國的(de)傳統手工技藝。很多針法及(ji)其作用尚(shang)不能用現代縫(feng)紉機替代。具(ju)有線跡精(jing)細(xi)(xi)、平整，針法豐富等特點，被(bei)譽(yu)為高檔(dang)工藝。　手縫(feng)工藝的(de)主要工具(ju)是(shi)手縫(feng)針和(he)頂針箍。絲綢等纖(xian)維較細(xi)(xi)的(de)織物宜用7～9號(hao)針;鎖眼釘紐宜用4～5號(hao)針，一般(ban)毛料則用粗(cu)細(xi)(xi)適(shi)中的(de)6～8號(hao)針。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機進行(xing)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)。具有(you)針跡(ji)(ji)整齊、工(gong)效高等(deng)(deng)優(you)點。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)藝(yi)有(you)以(yi)下(xia)幾種。①合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含(han)兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)暗縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組合(he)(he)或(huo)袋蓋、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領、袖頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)三邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)翻(fan)轉部件(jian)。②包(bao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)包(bao)住另一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，再作(zuo)第二或(huo)第三次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。有(you)明(ming)包(bao)，暗包(bao)之別(bie)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖(suo)邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)。③咬(yao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上(shang)(shang)下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)咬(yao)住中(zhong)(zhong)間一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，正(zheng)(zheng)面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袖頭(tou)、腰頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)(不疊起)，在(zai)(zai)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)，使(shi)兩(liang)塊布互(hu)相牽牢。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)高檔服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)襯布拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)和(he)收顙(sang)。⑤平接(jie)(jie)(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)，互(hu)為銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)補充。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)部件(jian)等(deng)(deng)。⑥平疊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊織物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)重疊，居中(zhong)(zhong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)襯布拼接(jie)(jie)(jie)和(he)收顙(sang)等(deng)(deng)。⑦來去(qu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將(jiang)兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)，先沿(yan)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)正(zheng)(zheng)面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)狹(xia)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在(zai)(zai)反面緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)闊(kuo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約(yue)7cm)。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)。⑧分(fen)(fen)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊合(he)(he)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，兩(liang)邊(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)不易折轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮革)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等(deng)(deng)。⑨坐(zuo)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)傾倒(dao)，正(zheng)(zheng)面作(zuo)第二次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)固定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分(fen)(fen)坐(zuo)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩(liang)塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)先合(he)(he)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，將(jiang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒(dao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)(fen)開，在(zai)(zai)分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上(shang)(shang)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)布服(fu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)(qian)袖縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等(deng)(deng)。壓緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上(shang)(shang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)折光(guang)，覆蓋下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成型。多(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)(qian)后過肩或(huo)呈圓弧型、尖角型等(deng)(deng)部件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。漏落(luo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明(ming)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)漏落(luo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽(cao)內或(huo)緊挨坐(zuo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)沿(yan)，既能使(shi)線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)暗藏，又能固定下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腰頭(tou)、里(li)襟等(deng)(deng)。卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)壓腳或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)手指(zhi)將(jiang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)毛(mao)口(kou)(kou)卷(juan)光(guang)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)口(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)。倒(dao)回針：在(zai)(zai)原線(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)往返(fan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始末加固，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)帶襻等(deng)(deng)。

　　現代服裝加工的(de)主要(yao)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)設備，除高(gao)速平縫(feng)縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(簡稱(cheng)平縫(feng)機(ji)(ji))外，還有(you)多針(zhen)多線包縫(feng)縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)(簡稱(cheng)包縫(feng)機(ji)(ji))以及(ji)取代手工的(de)開袋、鎖眼、釘扣、扎(zha)駁、復(fu)襯(衣面與衣襯組(zu)合)、裝袖、裝褲腰(yao)、打(da)褶等(deng)各種(zhong)專用單機(ji)(ji)，并(bing)有(you)多功能自動調速固體(ti)電路電子(zi)(zi)縫(feng)紉機(ji)(ji)問世。20世紀80年(nian)代，較先進的(de)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)設備是自動縫(feng)紉系統(tong)，采用工業攝像機(ji)(ji)和電子(zi)(zi)計算機(ji)(ji)監控(kong)，能自動識(shi)別(bie)裁片的(de)樣式，傳送并(bing)進行自動分(fen)類控(kong)制。